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我刚刚开始学习struts2框架，中间碰到不少问题，特别是下面这一个，让我废了大概2个小时左右才解决，贴出来供大家参考一下。

参考文章：

Caused by: Action class [com.struts.action.LoginAction] not found 解决方法

1， 这个是错误界面

2，下面这个是错误信息

严重: Dispatcher initialization failedUnable to load configuration. - action - file:/D:/AMPT/apache-tomcat-7.0.52/apache-tomcat-7.0.52/webapps/struts2_crm/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:14:94	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:70)	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.getContainer(Dispatcher.java:967)	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:435)	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:479)	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.InitOperations.initDispatcher(InitOperations.java:74)	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.init(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:57)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.initFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:279)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:260)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.
   
    (ApplicationFilterConfig.java:105)	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:4809)	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5485)	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1559)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1549)	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)Caused by: Action class [cn.itheima.web.action.CustomerAction] not found - action - file:/D:/AMPT/apache-tomcat-7.0.52/apache-tomcat-7.0.52/webapps/struts2_crm/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:14:94	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.verifyAction(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:486)	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addAction(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:429)	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addPackage(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:556)	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.loadPackages(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:295)	at org.apache.struts2.config.StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.loadPackages(StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.java:112)	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:264)	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:67)	... 17 more十一月 17, 2018 10:24:47 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext filterStart严重: Exception starting filter struts2Unable to load configuration. - action - file:/D:/AMPT/apache-tomcat-7.0.52/apache-tomcat-7.0.52/webapps/struts2_crm/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:14:94	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:493)	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.InitOperations.initDispatcher(InitOperations.java:74)	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.init(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:57)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.initFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:279)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:260)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.
    
     (ApplicationFilterConfig.java:105)	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:4809)	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5485)	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1559)	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1549)	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)Caused by: Unable to load configuration. - action - file:/D:/AMPT/apache-tomcat-7.0.52/apache-tomcat-7.0.52/webapps/struts2_crm/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:14:94	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:70)	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.getContainer(Dispatcher.java:967)	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:435)	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:479)	... 14 moreCaused by: Action class [cn.itheima.web.action.CustomerAction] not found - action - file:/D:/AMPT/apache-tomcat-7.0.52/apache-tomcat-7.0.52/webapps/struts2_crm/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:14:94	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.verifyAction(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:486)	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addAction(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:429)	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addPackage(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:556)	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.loadPackages(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:295)	at org.apache.struts2.config.StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.loadPackages(StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.java:112)	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:264)	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:67)	... 17 more十一月 17, 2018 10:24:47 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext startInternal严重: Error filterStart十一月 17, 2018 10:24:47 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext startInternal严重: Context [/struts2_crm] startup failed due to previous errors十一月 17, 2018 10:24:47 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory信息: Deploying web application directory D:\AMPT\apache-tomcat-7.0.52\apache-tomcat-7.0.52\webapps\docs十一月 17, 2018 10:24:49 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory信息: Deploying web application directory D:\AMPT\apache-tomcat-7.0.52\apache-tomcat-7.0.52\webapps\examples十一月 17, 2018 10:24:52 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log信息: ContextListener: contextInitialized()十一月 17, 2018 10:24:52 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log信息: SessionListener: contextInitialized()十一月 17, 2018 10:24:52 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log信息: ContextListener: attributeAdded('org.apache.jasper.compiler.TldLocationsCache', 'org.apache.jasper.compiler.TldLocationsCache@169873b')十一月 17, 2018 10:24:52 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory信息: Deploying web application directory D:\AMPT\apache-tomcat-7.0.52\apache-tomcat-7.0.52\webapps\host-manager十一月 17, 2018 10:24:54 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory信息: Deploying web application directory D:\AMPT\apache-tomcat-7.0.52\apache-tomcat-7.0.52\webapps\mail十一月 17, 2018 10:24:57 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory信息: Deploying web application directory D:\AMPT\apache-tomcat-7.0.52\apache-tomcat-7.0.52\webapps\manager十一月 17, 2018 10:25:00 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory信息: Deploying web application directory D:\AMPT\apache-tomcat-7.0.52\apache-tomcat-7.0.52\webapps\ROOT十一月 17, 2018 10:25:02 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start信息: Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]十一月 17, 2018 10:25:02 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start信息: Starting ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]十一月 17, 2018 10:25:02 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start信息: Server startup in 21098 ms
    
   

我参考了几篇文章，可能的原因有几个：

1， struts.xml 配置文件本身有问题，

原因：有可能是Action大小写错误，或者是Action的路径有错误

解决方法：仔细核对大小写以及路径

2，struts.xml是正确的，可是在项目部署到Apache服务器中的时候，就是不能找到

原因：

解决办法： Eclipse->project->clean->选择你要清楚classess的项目

多试几次，然后 Eclipse->project-buildProject，不行就重新启动服务器，

或者上面的三个，交替进行一下，实在不行将清楚Navicator中的classess文件

重启Eclipse，直到Navigator中出现struts.xml的配置文件才OK。

多试几次，重启服务器，清楚Navicator中的classess文件，project中clean，buildProject，结合着多来几次

最后我的问题在多试几次之久就解决了。

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